Dashain, also known as Bada Dashain or Vijaya Dashami, is a significant Hindu festival celebrated predominantly in Nepal and parts of India, including Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam, South India, and Sri Lanka. This festival is also observed by Hindus in Bhutan and Myanmar. Known as Nauratha, which is derived from the Sanskrit term Navaratri meaning "Nine Nights," Dashain shares similarities with this festival but is distinctly unique in its traditions and celebrations.

This vibrant festival is the longest and most revered in the Bikram Sambat and Nepal Sambat calendars. It holds a special place in the hearts of Nepali Hindus, making it the most anticipated celebration in the country. Dashain lasts for 15 days, with numerous people returning from various parts of the globe and Nepal to join in the festivities. During this time, government offices, schools, and businesses close, allowing families to celebrate together.

The festival typically begins with the bright lunar phase of Ashvin and culminates on the full moon day. Among the 15 days, the most significant ones include the first, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, and fifteenth.

Festivities and Traditions

As Dashain approaches, traditional activities like kite flying become increasingly popular. This joyful pastime involves people of all ages taking to their rooftops to fly colorful kites. The playful banter and competitive spirit fill the air, with participants often shouting “changā chet” when cutting another’s kite string.

Card games are another beloved tradition during Dashain. While children enjoy flying kites, adults gather to engage in friendly card games, often wagering small amounts for fun.

One of the most unique aspects of Dashain is the construction of traditional swings, known as "ping." These bamboo swings, built by community members, reflect local culture and craftsmanship. They are typically set up a week before the festival begins and remain until after Tihar, the festival that follows Dashain. The swings can reach heights of over twenty feet and are particularly popular among children.

Fairs and Shopping

Local fairs, filled with entertainment options such as Ferris wheels, are commonly organized in villages during Dashain. In urban areas, larger commercial fairs offer a variety of activities and attractions.

Shopping is an integral part of Dashain, with many families purchasing new clothes to wear during the celebrations. For many villagers, this may be the only opportunity to acquire new garments throughout the year. Shops often provide festive discounts, making the shopping experience more appealing, particularly for clothing.

Feasting and Rituals

Feasting is another key element of Dashain, marked by the ritualistic slaughter of animals. Buffalo, ducks, and rams are commonly sacrificed during the festival, particularly at temples dedicated to goddesses like Durga and Kali. The peak days for these sacrifices are Ashtami and Navami. The belief is that such offerings please the deities and ensure their blessings.

Beyond ritual sacrifices, families often host gatherings and share meals, leading to a surge in meat consumption during this period. The demand for meat rises dramatically, necessitating the increase in animal slaughter to accommodate the needs of the festive feasts.

Conclusion

Dashain is not just a festival; it is a time for families to come together, celebrate cultural traditions, and create lasting memories. From kite flying to sumptuous feasts, each aspect of this festival highlights the rich tapestry of Nepali culture and the spirit of togetherness that Dashain embodies. Whether through rituals, games, or communal activities, Dashain remains a cherished celebration that continues to unite people across the globe.